Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) reduces the time it takes to fall asleep and increases deep sleep in humans between ages 45 and 75 years.
Highlights
Research shows that sleep quality dissipates with age. Aside from the dreaming state (rapid eye movement [REM]), other sleep stages occur that range from light to deep sleep. The time spent in REM and deep sleep states declines as we grow older, and the deepest sleep state even disappears after age 60. Since sleep is important for immunity, cognition, and metabolism, the age-related decline in sleep quality may contribute to a multitude of diseases associated with aging. Although sleep-aiding medications exist for this problem, they often drive unwanted side effects like prolonged drowsiness, making the search for new sleep remedies paramount.
Published in the American Journal of Translational Medicine, Zhang and colleagues from the Southern University of Science and Technology in China demonstrate that taking NMN improves sleep as measured by a sleep questionnaire called the PSQI. The research team also found that administering NMN significantly reduced the time it took to fall asleep. By analyzing smart band data worn on the wrist (the Huawei Band 6), the researchers found that NMN increases the amount of REM and deep sleep obtained. The study’s findings point to taking NMN to counter declining sleep quality as we grow older.
Zhang and colleagues evaluated the sleep of individuals between the ages of 45 and 75 to find whether NMN improves sleep quality. Twenty-nine of these middle-aged and older adults took NMN and twenty-nine did not. After 12 weeks, they completed a questionnaire (the PSQI) regarding multiple facets of sleeping, such as waking and restlessness at night. Interestingly, the middle-aged and older adults who took NMN scored significantly better on the evaluation compared to those who did not take NMN. Aside from the PSQI score, the time it took to get to sleep (sleep latency) also improved for the NMN group. These findings provide intriguing evidence that NMN improves sleep in middle-aged and older adults.
To confirm the data from the PSQI, the China-based researchers turned to a sleep quality analysis from an electronic wristband (Huawei Band 6). During the NMN supplementation period, the group that took NMN displayed significantly increased nighttime deep sleep and REM sleep. These findings add support and credulity to the PSQI data, which indicated that NMN improves sleep in middle-aged and older adults.
“We found that after taking NMN, the sleep duration, deep sleep ratio, and REM sleep ratios increased, and the light sleep ratio and waking frequency decreased significantly,” said Zhang and colleagues.
Essential, pro-longevity enzymes called sirtuins rely on the molecule nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), with key roles in thousands of biological reactions in the body. Previous studies have found that sirtuins play crucial roles in regulating the sleep-wake rhythm (circadian rhythm). Since sirtuins depend on NAD+ to function, faltering NAD+ levels with age can negatively impact people’s circadian rhythms, leading to sleep disturbances. This could at least partially explain why increasing NAD+ with NMN in aged individuals improves their sleep patterns.
Future studies should examine whether these NMN-associated sleep improvements persist over longer durations and whether they continuously improve over time. Also, facilitating better sleep in older adults may be only one of the many ways NMN alleviates age-related ailments. Unraveling the ways that NMN confers its benefits will likely require years of clinical trials, examining NMN’s neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic benefits.
Model: Humans aged 45 to 75 years
Dosage: Two capsules, each containing 180 mg of NMN and 120 mg of additives once at lunchtime